Which of the following is a key element in improving intonation for ELL's?

Listening to and marking intonation patterns from recordings is crucial for improving intonation in English Language Learners (ELLs) because it provides a practical and auditory means of understanding how intonation varies in natural speech. This method allows ELLs to hear the nuances of pitch, rhythm, and stress that native speakers use, which are vital for conveying meaning, emotions, and intentions in spoken language. By marking these patterns, learners can develop their ability to recognize and produce the appropriate intonational contours in their speech, thereby enhancing their communicative competence. Engaging with authentic audio materials encourages imitative learning, where students can practice replicating the intonation patterns they hear, further solidifying their understanding and usage in conversation. Thus, this active listening and marking activity directly support the improvement of their intonation skills.